Milling machines are an important type of mechanical processing equipment in modern manufacturing. They use rotating tools to cut workpieces and process a variety of complex shapes. Milling machines are widely used in mechanical manufacturing, mold processing, aerospace, automobile manufacturing and other fields, and can process a variety of workpieces such as planes, grooves, gears, threads, and curved surfaces.
Working principle of a milling machine
The basic working principle of a milling machine is to cut workpieces through rotating tools. The rotation of the tool is the main motion, and the movement of the workpiece is the feed motion. The milling machine can perform a variety of processing operations such as planes, grooves, gears, threads, and curved surfaces. Its main cutting actions include:
1.Plane milling: Through the rotation of the milling cutter and the feed motion of the workpiece, a plane is machined on the surface of the workpiece.
2.Face milling: The tool axis is perpendicular to the workpiece surface, and the end face of the workpiece is milled by the end mill.
3.End milling: The tool axis is parallel to the workpiece surface, and the side of the workpiece is milled by the end mill.
4.Inclined surface milling: By adjusting the angle of the tool or workpiece, an inclined plane is machined.
5.Forming milling: Use forming milling cutters to mill complex curved surfaces on workpieces.
Classification of milling machines
According to different standards, milling machines can be divided into many types. The following are several common classification methods:
Classification by structure
1.Horizontal milling machine: The tool spindle is arranged horizontally, mainly used for processing large planes and slots. Common horizontal milling machines include universal horizontal milling machines, ordinary horizontal milling machines, etc.
2.Vertical milling machine: The tool spindle is arranged vertically, suitable for processing small and medium-sized workpieces and complex curved surfaces. Common vertical milling machines include universal vertical milling machines, rocker milling machines, etc.
3.Gantry Machining Centre: It has a large bed and gantry frame structure, suitable for processing large workpieces, especially wide planes. The tool of the gantry milling machine can move on the gantry for multi-directional milling.
Classification by function
1.Conventional milling machine: The function is relatively simple, mainly used for general plane and slot processing.
2.Universal milling machine: It has multiple functions and can process workpieces of complex shapes, such as threads, gears, etc.
3.CNC milling machine : Through computer control, it can achieve high-precision, multi-axis linkage complex processing, suitable for mass production of high-precision parts.
Classification by processing accuracy
1.Precision milling machine: It has high-precision guide rails and screws, suitable for processing high-precision parts.
2.Conventional milling machine: It has low precision and is suitable for processing general parts.
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