Universal vertical milling machine is a widely used metal cutting machine tool. Compared with horizontal milling machines, the spindle of universal vertical milling machines is perpendicular to the work surface. This structure makes the tool perform cutting movement in the vertical direction, which is more suitable for processing planes, grooves, steps and other vertical surfaces.
The workbench can move up and down in a direction perpendicular to the spindle, which is convenient to adjust the relative position between the workpiece and the tool to meet the processing needs of workpieces of different heights, and it also helps to achieve cutting at different depths.
The milling heads of some general-purpose vertical milling machines can adjust the angle within a certain range, such as ±45°, which can expand the processing range of the machine tool and adapt to the processing needs of different angles.
The advantages and disadvantages of universal vertical milling machines are as follows：
Advantages:
| High machining accuracy | The spindle is arranged vertically, the workbench can be raised and lowered, and the milling head can also adjust the angle. This structure makes the relative position of the tool and the workpiece easier to accurately adjust, and the surface flatness and dimensional accuracy of the processed plane, groove, step, etc. are better. |
| Wide range of applications | Can use a variety of tools, such as end mills, machine clamp tool trays, drill bits, etc., can process planes, bevels, grooves, holes, etc. of various parts, suitable for machinery manufacturing, molds, instruments, instrumentation, automobiles, motorcycles and many other industries |
| Relatively easy to operate | The manual or motorized feed operation of the workbench is intuitive, the operation panel design is simple, easy to understand and master, the skill requirements of the operator are relatively low, and the movement trajectory and cutting conditions of the tool during the operation are clearly visible, making it easy to find problems in time and make adjustments. |
| High production efficiency | The rotation speed of the tool and the feed speed of the workbench can be flexibly adjusted according to the processing needs, and more materials can be removed per unit time. At the same time, its fast feed function can make the workpiece quickly reach the processing position, reducing the non-processing time. |
| Lower equipment cost | Compared with some complex machining centers, the structure of general vertical milling machines is relatively simple, and the manufacturing cost and purchase price are relatively low. It is an affordable choice for some enterprises with limited funds or occasions where processing needs are not particularly complex. |
Disadvantages：
| Limited processing space | The spindle is arranged vertically, the workbench can be raised and lowered, and the milling head can also adjust the angle. This structure makes the relative position of the tool and the workpiece easier to accurately adjust, and the surface flatness and dimensional accuracy of the processed plane, groove, step, etc. are better. |
| Limited tool selection | Can use a variety of tools, such as end mills, machine clamp tool trays, drill bits, etc., can process planes, bevels, grooves, holes, etc. of various parts, suitable for machinery manufacturing, molds, instruments, instrumentation, automobiles, motorcycles and many other industries |
| The degree of automation is not high | The manual or motorized feed operation of the workbench is intuitive, the operation panel design is simple, easy to understand and master, the skill requirements of the operator are relatively low, and the movement trajectory and cutting conditions of the tool during the operation are clearly visible, making it easy to find problems in time and make adjustments. |
| Limited cutting depth | The rotation speed of the tool and the feed speed of the workbench can be flexibly adjusted according to the processing needs, and more materials can be removed per unit time. At the same time, its fast feed function can make the workpiece quickly reach the processing position, reducing the non-processing time. |
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