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What are the common problems of hydraulic presses in the forging of metal materials?

Hydraulic presses will encounter many problems in the forging of various metal materials. The following will be introduced from the aspects of metal materials, forging technology, equipment, etc:

Type Impact Reason and performance
Metal materials Crack Reason: The setting of forging process parameters is unreasonable, such as improper selection of forging ratio and unreasonable distribution of pressure, which will cause the size of the forgings to not match the design requirements.Errors in mold design and manufacturing, or wear and deformation of the mold during use, will also affect the dimensional accuracy of the forgings.
Performance: The size of the forgings exceeds the tolerance range specified in the design drawings. It may be that the overall size is too large or too small, or it may be that the local size does not meet the requirements.
Uneven organization Reason: During the heating process of metal materials, the heating is uneven, resulting in differences in temperature in different parts, which makes the tissue transformation of the material inconsistent.The original organization of the material has problems such as segregation, and it has not been fully improved in the forging process.
Performance: There are obvious differences in grain size and phase composition of different parts of the material, and the unevenness of the tissue can be observed through metallographic analysis.
Forging technology Poor dimensional accuracy Reason: The setting of forging process parameters is unreasonable, such as improper selection of forging ratio and unreasonable distribution of pressure, which will cause the size of the forgings to not match the design requirements.Errors in mold design and manufacturing, or wear and deformation of the mold during use, will also affect the dimensional accuracy of the forgings.
Performance: The size of the forgings exceeds the tolerance range specified in the design drawings. It may be that the overall size is too large or too small, or it may be that the local size does not meet the requirements.
Poor surface quality

 

Reason: Impurities such as oxide skin on the surface of the blank are not cleaned up, and they will be pressed into the metal surface during the forging process, affecting the surface quality.Forging speed is too fast or poor lubrication will increase the friction between the metal and the mold, resulting in surface strains, scratches and other defects.
Performance: There are defects such as oxide skin pressing, strain, scratches, and pitting on the surface of the forgings, and the surface roughness is significantly increased.
Machine Equipment Insufficient pressure

 

Reason: Failure of the hydraulic system of the hydraulic press, such as wear of the hydraulic pump and failure of the relief valve, will lead to insufficient output pressure.The poor oil quality, insufficient oil volume or high oil temperature of the hydraulic oil will also affect the pressure output of the hydraulic press.
Performance: The hydraulic press cannot provide sufficient pressure to complete the forging operation, the forgings cannot reach the expected degree of deformation, and incomplete forging may occur.
Equipment vibration

 

Reason: The foundation of the hydraulic press is not firmly installed, or the parts of the equipment are loose, which will cause vibration during work.The presence of air in the oil in the hydraulic system, or the unstable work of the hydraulic components, can also cause equipment vibration.
Performance: The hydraulic press has obvious vibration during operation, which affects the stability and accuracy of the forging operation, and may produce greater noise at the same time.

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Tags: Hydraulic presses,Hydraulic presses using problems, Gantry hydraulic presses

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