EDM machine tools are special processing machines that use the heat energy generated by electric spark discharge to process conductive materials. This type of discharge equipment machine tool can process high-hardness materials with high processing accuracy. There is no cutting force during the processing process, and there will be no problems such as workpiece deformation caused by cutting force. It is particularly suitable for processing thin-walled and easily deformed parts.
Wire cutting is a machine tool that uses pulsed electric spark discharge between a continuously moving metal wire (electrode) and the workpiece to cut the workpiece. It is a special type of EDM machine tool that removes the workpiece material through the thermal effect generated by the electric spark discharge to achieve high-precision cutting.
Their differences are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
| Features | EDM Machine | WEDM Machine |
| Working Principle | EDM machine tools: It is based on the thermal effect of electric spark discharge to remove materials. A pulse voltage is applied between the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode. When the voltage reaches a certain level, the working fluid between the two electrodes is broken down, forming a discharge channel. In this channel, the instantaneous high temperature causes the material on the surface of the workpiece and the tool electrode to melt and vaporize, and then is washed away by the working fluid, thereby achieving the etching of the workpiece.。 | Wire cutting machine: It also uses the principle of electric spark discharge, but it uses a moving metal wire (usually molybdenum wire or copper wire) as an electrode to cut the workpiece. |
| Processing method and shape | EDM machine tools: mainly used to process various shapes of cavities and three-dimensional structures. It can produce complex shapes such as pits and protrusions, and is suitable for processing parts with a certain volume and complex internal structure, such as the cavity of injection molds and the casting channel of die-casting molds. | Wire cutting machine: focuses on the cutting of two-dimensional graphics. It usually cuts the workpiece according to the predetermined plane contour, and the processed shape is mainly a plane figure composed of straight lines and curves. |
| Electrode usage | EDM machine tools: Tool electrodes need to be specially made according to the shape of the parts being processed. The electrode materials are usually conductive materials such as copper and graphite. The shape and size of the electrode should be designed and made according to the specific processing requirements. For example, when processing a mold with multiple complex cavities, it may be necessary to make multiple electrodes with different shapes to process different cavity parts separately. Moreover, during the processing, the electrode will have a certain loss, and the impact of electrode loss on processing accuracy needs to be considered. | Wire cutting machine: The electrode used is a continuously moving metal wire, such as molybdenum wire or copper wire. This electrode is constantly updated during the processing, that is, the metal wire is constantly moved through the wire mechanism of the machine tool during the cutting process, and the new metal wire part is involved in the discharge machining, so the electrode loss is relatively small, and there is no need to make complex shape electrodes like EDM machines. However, the diameter of the metal wire will have certain restrictions on the processing accuracy and the minimum cutting width. |
| Application areas focus | EDM machine tools: widely used in the field of mold manufacturing, especially in the processing of cavity molds such as injection molds and die-casting molds. At the same time, it is used in the aerospace, automobile manufacturing and other industries to process some parts with complex shapes, such as the cooling channels of aircraft engine blades and the internal oil channels of automobile engine cylinders. It mainly focuses on the molding of parts to create three-dimensional structures with specific shapes and functions. | Wire cutting machine: It is mainly used to cut the outline of the mold and some two-dimensional precision parts in mold manufacturing. It is widely used in the electronics industry to cut printed circuit boards, precision metal parts of electronic equipment, etc. It focuses more on the precise cutting of plane graphics to meet the design requirements of the product shape or internal structure in the plane direction. |
The choice of machine tool for processing depends on the workpiece to be processed by the customer. If the customer does not know which equipment is more suitable for him, he can communicate with the Shanghai ANTISHICNC team in advance, and we will select the machine tool that best suits your processing needs. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact the Shanghai ANTISHICNC technical team! Email information: contact@antsmachine.com
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